Au programme de ce chapitre
- I. Former le passif
- II. Tournures passives utiles
- III. Je m'entraine
- Savoir-faire
- Exercices types corrigés
- Teste-toi — vrai ou faux ?
- Pièges fréquents et astuces
- À retenir
Un exemple corrigé
Exemple — un texte informatif Thousands of tonnes of plastic are thrown away every day. Much of it is not recycled: it is burnt or ends up in the sea. It is estimated that by 2050 there could be more plastic than fish in the oceans.
Extrait du cours
La presse et les textes scientifiques adorent le passif : A new law has been passed, The results will be published in June. Maitriser le passif à tous les temps t'aide à comprendre ces textes et à écrire dans un registre plus formel.
| Temps | Actif | Passif |
|---|---|---|
| present simple | They make chips in Belgium. | Chips are made in Belgium. |
| present continuous | They are building a bridge. | A bridge is being built. |
| past simple | Hergé created Tintin. | Tintin was created by Hergé. |
| present perfect | Someone has stolen my bike. | My bike has been stolen. |
| past perfect | They had cancelled the match. | The match had been cancelled. |
| futur / modal | They will announce the results. / You must wear a helmet. | The results will be announced. / A helmet must be worn. |
Lexique
- to pass a law
- voter une loi
- by
- par (complément d'agent)
- it is said that
- on dit que
- to have something done
- faire faire quelque chose
Les erreurs fréquentes à éviter
Piège — le verbe intransitif. An accident was happened est faux : happen, arrive, die n'ont pas de passif. On écrit An accident happened.
Piège — le participe passé irrégulier. The window was broke est faux : on écrit was broken. De même, The e-mail was written et non was wrote.
Attention Le temps est porté par be ; le verbe principal reste toujours au participe passé. N'oublie pas being au continu : The road is being repaired, pas The road is repaired (= est réparée, c'est fini).
L'astuce du prof
Astuce — vérifier le temps. Pour contrôler ton passif, repère le temps de be : is made = present simple, was made = past simple, has been made = present perfect. Il doit être identique à celui de l'actif.
Exercices corrigés
Cherche d'abord seul, puis ouvre la correction.
Exercice 1 — La langue de Wallonie
Transforme au passif : They speak French in Wallonia.
A) French is speaking in Wallonia.
B) French is spoken in Wallonia.
C) French speaks in Wallonia.
A) French is speaking in Wallonia.
B) French is spoken in Wallonia.
C) French speaks in Wallonia.
Voir la correction
French is spoken in Wallonia. Le present simple actif donne is / are + participe passé.
Exercice 2 — Un concert annulé
Transforme au passif : They have cancelled the concert.
A) The concert was cancelled.
B) The concert has been cancelled.
C) The concert has cancelled.
A) The concert was cancelled.
B) The concert has been cancelled.
C) The concert has cancelled.
Voir la correction
The concert has been cancelled. Le present perfect actif donne has / have been + participe passé.